Italy’s Constitutional Court has made a landmark ruling that same-sex female couples who undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment abroad can both be legally recognised as parents in Italy, even if one is not the biological mother. This ruling overturns part of a 2004 law which did not allow both women in a same-sex couple to be registered as legal mothers, even if both consented to the procedure. This ruling does not change Italy’s current restrictions on access to IVF, which is still limited to heterosexual couples, but it does signify a shift towards the recognition of LGBTQ parenting rights.